Many Qur’anic verses teach mankind “critical thinking” by asking us to observe, seek knowledge, reflect, and ask questions and to ultimately connect the dots by using the faculties of human reason. The Prophet ﷺ spoke in a very easy and understandable manner, and because of this, his companions were able to recall many of his teachings. The Islamic pedagogy involves effective authentic learning strategies which includes the following:

• speaking in a very easy and understandable manner creating an appropriate atmosphere for learning – taking into account location and timing;
• examining beliefs, assumptions, and opinions and weighing them against truth;
• tailoring specific lessons to individual students;
• observing with an open mind; asking pertinent questions (of self as well as others);
• telling stories and making gestures to illustrate the point;
• assessing statements and arguments;
• developing our sense of observation and curiosity;
• engaging in active reading and active listening;
• listening carefully to others, thinking about what they say, and giving feedback;
• sharing ideas with others;
• becoming an open-minded listener and reader;
• making assertions based on sound logic and solid evidence.

The Prophet ﷺ used many of the above methods when he was conveying information and knowledge. He recognised that standing in front of a group and talking was not necessarily the most effective way to present information, and hence made drawings, used gestures and encouraged discussion. He asked questions and used stories and parables to lead his students to a conclusion, and always tailored the lesson to the needs of the audience.